Nikki Kirkegaard's Comments

Nonviolent Action: Can There Be A Second Act ?
Rene Wadlow

We are constantly being astonished these days at the amazing discoveries in the field of violence. But I maintain that far more undreamt of and seemingly impossible discoveries will be made in the field of non-violence. M.K. Gandhi


Two October is the UN-designated International Day for Non-violence, the date chosen being the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, the best-known figure of non-violent action. To honor seriously the day, we have to ask serious questions: What determines the success or failure of a non-violent movement for change? Are violent and non-violent methods competing or complementary strategies? Does help from outside sources matter? Today, the United Nations recognizes a collective responsibility to protect people threatened by genocide, ‘ethnic cleansing’ and other crimes against humanity, but the way to respond to these challenges non-violently have not been set out. Does the example of one movement influence others? Is non-violence one possible strategy among others or is it as Gandhi thought a way of being in the world?

The recent death in August 2009 of Corazon Aquino, the former president of the Philippines, recalled to mind the “Peoples Power Revolution” of 1986 which non-violently overthrew the corrupt government of Ferdinand Marcos who had ruled the Philippines under martial law since 1972. A modest woman who overcame her fear to speak in public and who had been projected to leadership through the assassination of her husband, the prominent opposition politician, Benigno Aquino Jr. started a movement which showed that resolute non-violence can be a source of political change.

Robert Kennedy spoke during a visit to South Africa still under its apartheid government of each act of courage as a ripple sent forth to join with other ripples, ultimately “to build a current which can sweep down the mightiest walls of oppression and resistance.” Yet in Robert Kennedy’s America, there is a saying that “in politics, there is no second act.” If there is not success when one has the first occasion, there will be no second chance. The Peoples Power Revolution of Corazon Aquino showed that political power could be overthrown by non-violent action. Many in the Philippines hoped that economic and social change would follow. But since Mrs Aquino left office in 1992, the Muslim and Communist insurgencies have continued. There are serious human rights abuses by the military in combating these insurgencies. The Philippines remains a collection of oligarchies and political dynasties. Much of the population is poor with a high unemployment rate and some eight million Filipinos work overseas. Many families depend on remittances from abroad, and an overseas job can be one of the highest ambitions for the upwardly mobile.

Likewise, the death this summer of Kim Dae-jung, a dissident who survived a death sentence and an assassination attempt by military dictators before winning the South Korean presidency reminds us of the difficulties of keeping up a momentum of peaceful change through non-violent diplomatic methods. As president from 1998 until 2003, Kim Dae-jung was the first opposition leader to be elected in Korea. In 2000, he flew to Pyongyang for talks with Kim Jong-il of North Korea. The meeting led to a period of détante on the divided Korean Peninsula. However, inter-Korean relations have chilled as the North tested nuclear weapons first in 2006 and again in 2009. There was no second act after the first act of “Sunshine Policy” and a vision of reconciliation to overcome five decades of hostility.

For there to be successful non-violent action, one has to keep in mind that there must always be a second act for which one must be prepared. The actors may not be the same as in Act I, but they must be ready to continue a momentum, to build coalitions with new social forces and to be willing to undertake the long-term but often slow development of the socio-economic framework which many people expect from the exciting first act.

Rene Wadlow, Representative to the UN, Geneva, Association of World Citizens

Great having you as a friend!! GIANT HUG FOR YOU!!! SMILES TOO!!
Peace and love to you always.

Hi Nikki,
Wish you a wonderful Day!
Thank you for joining...
Together we can heal and change Things in order to make "the Shift"... maybe as entire Humanity and not only as many individuals...

Love, Light, Joy, Healing, Peace & Oneness

Sara

hi God bless.

Hello Nikki, thank You very much for being my friend. Your name is something special. A great philosopher is known under the name of Kierkegaard. Are You or Your parents from Scandinavia ? I wish You a wonderful time with Your friends on iPeace and I hope we can be in an enriching contact. Now I have to work, I'm a teacher. Love and Peace for You
Joachim

hey nikki. glad to have you as a friend. i hope you're having a great spring. thank you for for creating peace in our world.

Hi Nikki from down under with the Scandinavian surname! I live in Norway but do have some relatives in A, at Box Hill. Where in Australia do you live?

I have a discussion going on, LOVE without guns, http://www.ipeace.me/forum/topics/love-without-guns that I would be glad if you read and even more glad if you comment on it!

Love & Joy
Ole

Hello Nikki! A warm welcome to the community of IPeace and thank you for adding me as friend. I am very pleased to be one of your first friends on your page - nice to see you here among my friends from all over the world. I wish you all the love, peace and light you can imagine. May the sun always shine brightly in your heart and may our common dream of worldwide peace become true. I am sure you will soon have many like minded friends here and hope you will enjoy sharing with all these wonderful people. Blessings, all good wishes and a welcome hug coming to you to Down Under with this little dove as an ambassador of peace from your new friend Heimo from Austria (only an "al" between!)